The Man Who Wins

Central Idea
Though the poet for this poem is anonymous but it breathes out the moral that we should produce in us a strong will power, self-confidence and positive attitude towards life. Once we decides upon an objective and has the will to do something suiting our natural aptitude and use our energies in attaining it, we can work wonders and will surely achieve it.

Summary

This poem emphasizes upon the importance of good thoughts and will power. It is written by an anonymous poet.
It is rightly said that man who thinks can win. Conversely, if your thinking is pasimistic and less practical than it will give negative impression on your deeds. If you want to do something but your thinking is negative, than you will left behind in the race of life.
Our way of actions, way of efficiency depends on the thinking. We always find this rule every where. According to the poet the germs of a personality are the power to get rid of any kind of complexes, widening of thoughts and complete faith and self-confidence.
Life is a kind of war. You have to fight every time while you are living your life. A man with strong will and good thoughts can win over this battle. Strengths of mind and integrity of thoughts are keys of success.
“One can never achieve anything lasting in this world by being irresolute.”

Question and Answers

Q.1 Express line 3 and 4 of the first stanza in your own sentences?

Ans. The poet has conveyed a very powerful message through these lines that if you have good facilities to
do something but if your thinking is negative, you will fail to do it. If your thinking is pasimistic and less practical you will get the result in the same way.

Q.2 What according to the poet qualities needed by a person to get success in life?

Ans. The poet has given a good description of the gems of a perfect personality. Power to overcome any kind of complexes, widening of thoughts and complete faith and self-confidence are the basic pillars of success. By these qualities men can struggle with the resistance of life.

Q.3 What are the results according to the poet brought by high thoughts?

Ans. The poet has explained the advantages of high thoughts in a very convincing way that widening of thoughts provides spiritual power to us. Strength of mind and integrity of thoughts are the real rewards of high thoughts. If a person thinks high he can win over the battle of life.
 
Q.4 What is the message of the poem “The Man who Wins”?

Ans. The poem “The Man Who Wins” discloses the secret of success in life by telling the importance of good, thoughts and will power. Power to overcome any kind of complexes, widening of thoughts and complete faith and self-confidence are the gems of perfect personality. By thinking high a man can winover the battle of life

The Customs of Various Regions of Pakistan

Q.1 What sort of people are the Pathans and food of what kind do they like?

Ans. Pathans are enthusiastic warriors and extremities of weather and climate have made them physically very strong. They are famous for their hospitality and men power is taken as their pride in the community. Roast Mutton and spicy tongue are specially like by them.

Q.2 How and why does a tribes man announce the birth of a son?

Ans. A tribes man fires with the rifle to make the birth of son known publicly. He does so because the birth of son is regarded a blessing for them. Men power is taken as their pride in the community.

Q.3 Why is the Punjab called the seat of learning?

Ans. The Punjab is called the seat of learning because centuries ago, many educational, institutions flourished in this region and their import is still continue in the form of schools, colleges and universities. Taxila University, flourished two thousand and five hundred years ago gives a healthy proof that Punjab has always been a seat of learning.

Q.4 Where do the Punjabi farmers sit in the evening?

Ans. The Punjabi farmers sit in Chopals in the evening. They discuss about the weather and crops and also solve their disputes. They also enjoy songs and dances i.e. chopals gathering provides them recreation.


Q.5 What is the result of extreme weather on the lives of Balochis? Why Balochies lead simple nomadic life?

Ans. The extremities of weather unable the Balochis to lead their lives in just one place. They move from place to place in order to escape from the calamities of season. Their daily life is badly effected by weather.

Q.6 Describe a Balochi wedding?

Ans. A Balochi wedding ceremony is to be very joyous and jubilant which provides a joy to the guest. Men and women dance to the lively beat of drums which is considered to be the main heritage of the wedding. The groom feasts his own and bride’s guests.

Q.7 How old is the civilization of valley of Mehran and name the university existed that time?

Ans. The Valley of Mehran is one of the ancient civilization of the world which had life in 2500 B.C. It’s ancient city Moen-jo-Daro’s ruins speak of the highly developed society that existed there about 5000 years ago. The University of Taxila existed that time.

Q.8 Who are the famous saints of Sindh?

Ans. Lal Shahbaz Qalander and Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai are the famous saints of Sindh. These mystic poets and saints preached the message of Allah in a very convincing way. Their poetry is an important aspect of our culture.

Q.9 What are the famous crafts of Sindh?

Ans. Most of the crafts of Sindh emerged from the embroidery which is praised all over the country as well as in foreign countries. These handicrafts include dresses embroided with silk thread, beads and mirror. Mirror work is also done on purses and cushions.

Q.10 How are the marriages arranged and wedding ceremonies performed among Pathans?

Ans. The Pathans believe in arranged marriages which are done by their elders. Wedding ceremonies are celebrated with great vehemence in which guests make rhythmical movement to the beats of drum.
Q.11 Why is the Punjab called “Heart of Pakistan”?

Ans. Quaid-e-Azam declared Punjab as “Heart of Pakistan” because of its geographical and knowledge
importance. It is a land of five rivers and seat of learning. The religious glimpse in the region is cleared from the fact that shrines of saints and holy men the living glory of Pakistan.

Q.12 What is an Urs and how it is celebrated?

Ans. Urs is the death or birth anniversary of mystic poets which is celebrated in a religious manner. People gather at the shrines and sing devotional songs. They attend the fairs connected with these urs.

Q.13 What is the importance of culture?

Ans. This lesson emphasizes upon the importane of culture for any nation. For any civilization called cultured is an important thing. As it is said that “A person without a heritage is just like a fiddler sitting on an inclined roof.”

Q.14 What is sandy and where it is used?

Ans. Sandy is sort of coal store which is used in extreme cold weather. Sandy with a little burning coal in the middle of the room which provide heat to the people. This instrument is common in Baluchistan.

‘Q.15 Write the main theme of this lesson?

Ans. This lesson tells us the fact that Pakistan is very rich in diversities of custom. It shows us that how people of different regions of our country lead their lives in connection with their customs. This cultural legacy is the basic identity of Pakistan.

Q.16 What do you know about Pakistani culture?

Ans. Pakistani culture comprises of different colourful customs which include religious festivals, lively marriage celebrations, arts and handicrafts. Pakistani culture is also embroided with the thread of simplicity and hospitality. This collective manifestation of customs and traditions mostly emerged from history which re the basic identity of Pakistan.

Fill in the Blanks

1. The birth of a son is therefore, regarded as a great blessing for the family.
2. The Pathans of the north are steady and warlike.
3. People from all over the country participate in the “URs” and sing devotional songs.
4. They will protect a visitor at the cost of their own lives.
5. The favourite food of the people is meat.
6. Roast mutton and Chapli Kababs are popular dishes.
7. Most festivals in Sindh, as in Punjab are of religious nature.
8. Sheep are bred in large herds on the green slopes of the northern regions.
9. The rock area is mostly barren.
10. The ancient city of Moen-jo-Daro dates back to 2500 BC.

Idioms

1. To see eye to eye with someone: To have the same opinion, or to agree with
Example: Management seldom see eye to eye with Labour.
Sentence: The opposition saw eye to eye when the Government is passing the bill against 8th amendment.

2. To turn a deaf ear to: To pay no attention to
Example: The employee kept pleading his case but the manager turned a deaf ear to it.
Sentence: Paksitan has raised Kashmir issue several times in the United Nations but it had turned a deaf ear to it.

3. A black sheep: A bad character in an other wise good group
Example: Our school has produced very good citizens but there are black sheep too.
Sentence: We should point at the black sheep of the society.

4. To take to task: To call to account, to blame, to rebuke   
Example: Those who are corrupt will have to be taken to task of their doings.
Sentence: The manager was taken to task of his mis-dealings in the accounts of bank.

5. Far and wide: over a large area.   
Example: This tour will take you over far and wide of the country.
Sentence: People from far and wide places came to see to newly born baby of the Kangaroo in the zoo.

6. At large: at liberty, or free.
  Example: The politician is popular at large.
Sentence: People at large condemned the opening of wine shops in their locality

There’s A Good Time Coming

Reference
This poem is written by Charles Mackay (1814-1889), a Scottish song writer. He was born in Perth. His mother died while he was an infant. He went to school in Brussels in 1828 and began writing verses in both English and French in 1880. He returned to London and worked for the “Morning Chronicle” till 1884 and then became editor of “Argus”. Besides his extremely popular songs, some of which still live, Mackay wrote books on travel, history and biography and was a good all round journalist.

Theme
“Hope Sustains the World.”

Summary

This poem is written by an Scottish poet Charles Mackay. This poem exhibits the strong assurity of the poet, being optimistic and religious that there once will day when everyone will enjoy the basic rights. The good time will prevail. The whole world regardless of area. Destructive weapons which are used to prove the truth shall be replaced by the good thoughts. The power of pen will exceed the power of sward i.e. the power will be used in positive spin.
Everyone will be free to enjoy his basic rights. The people will be respected on the virtue of their worth. There will be no extra support to walk over the ladder of life. Moral values like merit, privileges will hold the ground in that time.
It would be such an ideal time that no body will praise the wars to protect the material comb. The people will disgust the war because of unfairness and injustice.
In the end the poet has tied the hopes with humanity that by working together we can revolutionize the whole world and can bring the ideal future closer.

Central Idea

The Central Idea of this poem is that an era is to come with there will be no war because there will be a radical change in the outlook of people and nations. The poet Charles Mackay is optimistic that in future nations will agree to code of national behaviour humanity will emerge from the dark nights of wars and destructions and hail down of a new better era of peace and prosperity.

Question and Answers

Q.1 What do you know about the poet “Charles Mackay”?

Ans. Charles Mackay (1814-1889) was born in Scotland. In London, he worked for the “Morning Charnicle” till 1884 and then became editor of “Argus”. Besides his extremely popular songs, some of which still alive and he wrote books on travel, history and biography and was a good all round journalist.

Q.2 Do you agree with the poet that a good time is coming?

Ans. Yes, I agree with the poet that a good time is coming. He rightly said that if we worked together, we can bring the ideal future closer in which truthfulness, peace, Justice and merit will prevail all around the World. s poet tries to explain in his poem that even the lightest deeds dome with sincerity will produce the result naturally.

Q.3 What future does the poet promise for us?

Ans. Charles Mackay being optimistic promises an ideal future for us where there will be complete peace in the World. Good thoughts will be the most strongest weapon to protect the privileges and intellectuals will be the fighter instead of sword. Moral values like merit, worth will hold the ground in that time and people will regard wars as disgusting because of unfairness.
 
Q.4 Does poet expect us to make some effort of achievement?

Ans. Yes, Charles Mackay has tied strong hopes to us and by giving an initiative, he has asked us to bring the ideal future closer to us. According to poet it is our duty to make our combined efforts to get this goal in a positive and constructive way. In this way we can revolutionize the whole World

Making A Summary

Q.1 Give the Summary of the Lesson.

Ans. We use summary to express lengthy material in short steps. A good summary is generally one third of the length. Precise must not look like a collection of disjointed sentences nor should any important or beautiful idea of the original be left. For making a precise, we should keep five skills in mind among which generalizing of ideas is an initial step. Selection of related ideas, compression of lengthy sentences, use of indirect narration and reference of the author counts very much in Precise-writing.

Q.2 What is the significance of Precise-Writing?

Ans. The significance of Precise-writing is clear from the fact tht in this fast moving world, one could not pace up with the advancement of the world, so the man of this century depends mostly upon precise. It is the easiest way to get information at length in shortest possible time by average reading.

Q.3 What are the steps involved in Precise-Writing?

Ans. Precise-writing is used to express prolong material in short steps. A perfect precise can be produced by the combination of five steps among which use of indirect narration and compression of lengthy material are important. The other steps are selection of related ideas, generalizing of ideas and reference of the author.

Grammar

1. Give One General Word

1. Football, Cricket, Hockey, Volley ball – Games/Sports
2. Tables, Chairs, Sofas, Cupboards – Furniture
3. Snakes, Crocodiles, Lizards – Reptiles
4. Lions, Bears, Tigers – Beasts
5. Sheep, Goats, Horses, Camels, Donkeys – Cattles

2. Compress into One Word

1. That which cannot be done – Impossible
2. That which cannot be eaten – Inedible
3. That which cannot be described – Indescribable
4. That which cannot be conquered – Invincible
5. That which cannot be read – Illegible
6. That which cannot be seen – Invisible
7. That which cannot be avoided – Inevitable

 3. Indirect Speech

1. “She is lonely”, they say
Indirect: They say that she is lonely.

2. “Could it be mended”? they asked.
Indirect: They asked if it could have been mended.

3. “Open the suit case”, he said to him.
Indirect: He ordered him to open the suit-case.

4. I am unwell”, he says
Indirect: He tells that he is unwell.

5. “I was lying”, he confessed.
Indirect: He confessed that he had been lying

The Uses of Adversity

Q.1 Write the message of this poem?

Ans. Adversity is the mother of our noblest virtues that teach us patience, perseverance fortitude. Self help and sympathy and bring us nearest to Almighty creator. Adversity is a gift from God. Seeming ugly and dark but actually messengers of sweetness and light. As Francis Bacon says “The virtue of Adversity is fortitude, which is mortal in the more heroic virtue.”

Idioms

1. In black and white: In writing
Example: I cannot accept your oral complaint. It must be in black and white.
Sentence: The teacher rejected the student’s oral application by saying that it must be in black and white.

Idiomatic Structures
1. Out of: Only two out of ten people are eduction in our country.
2. Instead of: Instead of writing him a letter you can telegram.
3. Inspite of: Inspite of three warnings, the thief continue his work, that’s why Policeman arrested him.
4. Because of: Because of hardworking, I got 1st position in the class.
5. For the sake of: Captain Rashid Minhas died for the sake of country.
6. Every now and again: Few weeks ago strikes were being called every now and again.
7. All over again: Yesterday he lost his coy, so he rewrite his work all over again.
8. Time and again: He had been warned time and again to quit smoking by his parents.

How To Do Things

Q.1 What games were arranged for the guests?

Ans. To make the party colourful and fascinating, Shahnawaz also arranged some games. These games include “Passing the Parcel”, “Treasure Hunt” and “Musical Chair”. These games provided fun and laughter to the guests.

Q.2 When is a bicycle-rider a joy? When does this joy vanish?

Ans. Bicycle ride is a joy when one is young, it is also a pleasant experience when you are riding a bicycle. This joy suddenly vanishes when the cycle gets punctured. You feel while the riding that the tyre has lost its lightness and is pressing flat against the ground.

Q.3 What does the kit for mending the puncture contain?

Ans. The kit for mending the puncture is needed when the tyre last its lightness. The kit contains a wrench, a pair of small scissors, a piece of an old cycle tube, sand paper, a coloured pencil and the sticking solution.

Q.4 How is the “Parcel” prepared for the “Parcel Game”?

Ans.The parcel game is to be very interesting and exciting. A piece of Toffee is put in a small carton which was wrapped with many layers of coloured papers.

Q.5 How is the game “Treasure Hunt” played?

Ans. Treasure hunt is an interesting game. In treasure hunt small things wrapped in paper are to be hidden at different places in the room. The guest are to look for every where till all the treasures are found.

Q.6 Describe the process of mending a puncture?

Ans. In order to make a puncture, first of all we take out tube from the wheel and inflate it. Then we dip it in water and find out the puncture, mark it with the coloured pencil and dry it and rub it with sand paper and then apply sticking solution and press it. The tube is then put into tyre and pumped. The puncture has been mended.

Q.7 Describe the process of mending a puncture in a repair shop?

Ans. The purpose of mending a puncture at a bicycle repair shop is different one. A kind of half solid rubber solution is applied to the puncture part of the tube. It is heated at a certain temperature for some time in a machine which is a sort of press. The solution melts and sticks to the tube so that both are inseparable.

Q.8 What are the amusing aspects of parcel game?

Ans. The amusing aspects of parcel game are the punishment given during the games These punishments are the mixture of commands like “sing a song”, “crow like a cock”, “bleat like a goat”, “bray like a donkey”. Everyone has to obey the command that fell to it his lot.

Q.9 How can a successful party be arranged?

Ans. A successful party can be arranged through the following steps. A party should be well-planned and decorative to attract the people. The menu setting and serving counts very munch in a coourful party and there should be some entertainment for the guests.

Q.10 How decoration is necessary for arranging a party?

Ans. Decoration is the best way to make a party fascinating. If the decoration is not attractive the party has no effect. The party place should be adorn in such a manner that it could capture the attention of the guests and add beautiful colours to the party.

Sentences

1. Honour: It is an honou for us that Shahid Afridi has broken the world record.
2. Serve: We should serve our country with heart and soul.
3. Frighten: My sister is frightened of going into dark.
4. Riding: Riding a bicycle is a great fun.
5. Puncture: Puncture can easily be mended if you have the puncture kit with you.

Fill in the Blanks

1. Shahnaz was very happy because it was her birthday.
2. She had invited her friends to a party.
3. The two friends talked about the menu.
4. Now they got busy int he kitchen.
5. Riding a bicycle is joy when one is young.
6. They decided to buy the rest of the things from the market.
7. You are riding back home merrily.
8. You lay you bicycle on the ground.
9. You take out your kit for the puncture.
10. This emergency should not worry you if you are prepared on it.

Idioms

1. Odds and ends: A collection of obhects not belonging to any group of order, left over and discarded.
Example: That shop does not still anything in particular. It has only odds and ends.
Sentence: He claims that he is very fond of collecting precious stones, but his collection contains only odds and ends.

2. Under one’s nose: immediately with reach.
Example: You don’t have to go far. It’s under your nose.
Sentence: I looked for my English copy everywhere and it was under my nose all the time.

3. To poke one’s nose into: To meddle or interfere
Example: She has the bad habit of poking her nose into the matters that are not her concern.
Sentence: According to the charter of U.N. no country is allowed to poke her nose into the personal affairs of any country.

4. To kick up a row: To make a disturbance or noise
 
Example: If you don’t kick up a row, you will not be paid attention to
Sentence: The young boys started kicking up a row, when Micheal Jackson began to sing.

5. To wind up: To bring to an end
Example: I’m using my last week in the country to wind up by business here.
Sentence: The director winded up the set due to late arrival of the artist.

Grammar

1.Noun

1. Invite – Invitation
2. Busy – Business
3. Prepare – Preparation
4. Discuss – Discussion
5. Decorate – Decoration
6. Punish – Punishment
7. Collect – Collection
8. Sing – Song
9. Decide – Decision

2. Idiomatic Structures

1. To pour in: When I was passed in 9th class examination a number of phone calls of congratulations poured in.
2. To pour out: In winter season when I am feelings too cold. I asked my mother to pour out some hot tea for me.
3. To pour over: In the war, the nurse were pouring medicine over the wounded soldiers.
4. To put on: At the day of Eid festival, I put on my new clothes

The Minstrel Boy

Central Idea
 
Reference
This poem is written by Thomas Moore (1779-1852) an Irish poet. He was born in Dublin where he studied at the best school. He was admitted to Trinity College at the age of 15 years. He became an enthusiastic Irish Poet. In imitation of Lord Byron, who was his friend, he wrote poem on an oriental theme called “Lalla Rookh”. His patriotic feelings is well expressed in this poem.

Theme
“Patriotism is not a short out burst of emotions but the tranquil and steady dedication of lifetime.”
or
“Only passions, great passions can elevate the soul into great things.”‘

Summary

The poem “The Minstrel Boy” has been written by a famous Irish poet Thomas Moore. He has expressed his patriotic feelings in this poem.
The poem is in the praise of a minstrel boy. He was a great singer who used to sing songs on the time of his harp in the peacetime. But when the wartime came on his country, he joined the army of flight for his country. Actually he was continuing the legacy of his fore fathers i.e. to fight for their country.
He fought bravely, with his sward and sacrificed his life for the protection of his motherland. When he was near to death, he tore off all his belonging because he wanted the enemy to realize that people like him would never allow him to touch their beloved homeland.
In the end the poet has show his patriotic feelings in a convincing way. He says that the enemy might defeat the minstrel boy physically but they could not conquer his spirits. The minstrel boy’s harp was destroyed by the minstrel boy himself because it was meant to sing in peace not in slavery. The extreme limit of patriotism is exhibited by their action.

Question and Answers

Q.1 What do you know about Thomas Moore?

Ans. Thomas Moore was an enthusiastic Irish poet. In the imitation of his friend Lord Byron, he wrote poem on an oriental theme called “Lalla Rookh”. He has expressed his patriotic feelings in this poem.

Q.2 What does Thomas Moore mean when he says as “thought all the world betray thee”? 

Ans. Thomas Moore has tried to convey a message by these words to his nation that if you’ve got three things, no matter the whole world turns against you, you are not to afraid of it. Loyal and faithful companions, a beloved motherland and power to protect the privilege.

Q.3 Why did he destroy his harp?

Ans. Before the minstrel boy was dead he destroyed his harp because he wanted the enemy to realize that every single child of his nation would not allow them to touch their homeland with impure hands. Moreover his harp was meant to play in peace and if the harp had survived it would have chained into the atmosphere of slavery. The extreme limit of patriotism is exhibited by the action of minstrel boy.

Q.4 For whom the poet was the words warrior bard and proud soul?

Ans. Thomas Moore has paid a homage to the minstrel boy by alloting him the bites of “warrior bard” and the “proud soul”. Thomas Moore has used these words to exhibit the spirit of chamisism in the minstrel boy. He was a great and brave fighter and was proud of fighting for his homeland.

Q.5 For whom were the songs of harp made?

Ans. The songs sung on the tune of harp were the marks of peace and carried out detention against slavery. these songs were made to please the patriots of minstrel boy’s nation. Only faithfully and Loyal companions and the men who were got freedom of their homeland could hear these songs.